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European tree frog
・ European Tree of the Year
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European tree frog : ウィキペディア英語版
European tree frog

The European tree frog (''Hyla arborea'' formerly ''Rana arborea'') is a small tree frog found in Europe, Asia and part of Africa.〔Frost, Darrel R. ''Amphibian Species of the World''. Allen Press, Inc., 1985, p. 126.〕 Based on molecular genetic and other data, a number of taxa formerly treated as subspecies of ''H. arborea''〔Duellman, William E. (2003). ''Grzimek's Animal Encyclopedia''. 2nd Ed., Vol. 2. Gale, p. 235.〕 are now generally recognized as full species.〔〔Stöck M., Dufresnes C., Litvinchuk S.N., Lymberakis P., Biollay S., Berroneau M., Borzée A., Ghali K., Ogielska M., and Perrin N. (2012). Cryptic diversity among Western Palearctic tree frogs: Postglacial range expansion, range limits, and secondary contacts of three European tree frog lineages (Hyla arborea group). ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' 65: 1-9.〕
==Description==
European tree frogs are small; males range from in length, and females range from in length. They are slender, with long legs.〔 Their dorsal skin is smooth, while their ventral skin is granular. Their dorsal skin can be green, gray, or tan depending on the temperature, humidity, or their mood. Their ventral skin is a whitish color, and the dorsal and ventral skin is separated by a dark brown lateral stripe from the eyes to the groin. Females have white throats, while males have golden brown throats〔Haltenorth, T. (1979). ''British and European Mammals, Amphibians, and Reptiles’’. Irwin & Co. Ltd., p. 126.〕 with large (folded) vocal sacs. The head of ''H. arborea'' is rounded, the lip drops strongly, the pupil has the shape of a horizontal ellipse, and the tympanum is clearly recognizable. Also, the discs on the frog's toes, which it uses to climb trees and hedges, is a characteristic feature of ''H. arborea'' . Also, like other frogs, their hind legs are much larger and stronger than the fore legs, enabling the frogs to jump rapidly.〔Stöck M., Dubey S., Klütsch C., Litvinchuk S.N., Scheidt U., and Perrin N. (2008). Mitochondrial and nuclear phylogeny of circum-Mediterranean tree frogs from the Hyla arborea group. ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' 49: 1019-1024.〕

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